Asbestos is a naturally occurring mineral that was used extensively in building materials throughout the 20th century due to its heat resistance, durability, and sound absorption properties. However, it was later discovered that asbestos can cause a range of health problems, including lung cancer, mesothelioma, and asbestosis.

Due to these health risks, the use of asbestos in building materials was phased out in the 1980s and later banned in the UK in 1999. However, many buildings constructed before this ban may still contain asbestos, particularly in insulation, ceiling tiles, and pipe insulation.