Asbestos is a naturally occurring mineral that was extensively used in various construction materials, including roofing, flooring, insulation, and cement products. Asbestos is known for its excellent fire-resistant and insulating properties. However, it has also been linked to numerous health risks, including lung cancer, mesothelioma, and asbestosis.

The use of asbestos in building materials was widespread until it was banned in the UK in 1999. As a result, many buildings constructed before the ban may still contain asbestos. When asbestos-containing materials become damaged or disturbed, they may release toxic fibers into the air, posing a health risk to anyone exposed to them.